From an economic perspective, the middle classes can be defined in two ways: in absolute terms, referring to a specific income level which is equal…

The authorities in Central America usually refer to and label street gangs as ‘organized crime’. Although little is known about the criminal activities of gangs,…

Recognizing the rising expectations of growing middle classes in developing countries, the OECD’s report Perspectives on Global Development 2012 focused on social cohesion: “Social cohesion…

These indicators of the absence of violence or fear of violence are based on the Global Peace Index. This broad range of Indicators of Peace has first been selected with an expert panel in 2007 and provides for a way to measure peace.